Prevention of degradation of the natural environment in the development of ecological tourism in specially protected natural areas

• Макарова Вера Николаевна

  Vera N. Makarova.Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service. Vladivostok. Russia

• Vladislava E. Myshko

  Vladislava E. Myshko. Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service. Vladivostok. Russia

• Elizaveta I. Golokova

  Elizaveta I. Golokova. Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service. Vladivostok. Russia

The article proposes a calculation method and calculates the recreational capacity of an ecological trail in a specially protected natural area, taking into account the hierarchization of factors. The purpose of the work is to correct the methodology for calculating recreational capacity to prevent degradation
of the natural environment of specially protected natural areas, using the example of the Tsarskaya Doroga eco-tourist route located on the territory of the Bureinsky State Natural Reserve. Ecological tourism as a direction of recreation is rapidly developing, and people's interest in untouched territories is increasing. Despite the positive impact of nature-oriented recreation on the body, the risk of environmental damage increases. An increase in the load on it is fraught with its degradation and the impoverishment of biodiver-sity. It is possible to prevent these consequences only by careful attitude to places of recreation, namely, by limiting the flow of visitors. To do this, it is necessary to deal with the calculations of the recreational capacity of the territory and take into account the characteristics of the area. A preventive approach will simultaneously preserve the relationship between man and nature and protect the environment from the negative impact of tourism activities. As correction factors in calculating the recreational capacity of the eco-tourist route "Royal Road", the following were chosen: tourist transfer; trampling; erosion; temperature difference. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the adjustment of the methodology for calculating the recreational capacity to prevent degradation of the natural environment of hard-to-reach specially protected natural areas, which will allow developing ecological tourism in hard-to-reach specially protected natural areas in the context of sustainable development. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that as a result of the calculation, the recreational capacity of the ecological and tourist route "Royal Road" in the territory of the Bureinsky nature reserve was obtained, which is no more than 53 people per day.
Keywords: environmental trail, ecological and tourist route, recreational capacity, tourism, ecology, reserved territory, anthropogenic impact, rationing, natural territories.